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The Articles of Association of a Company Limited by Shares is a mandatory document required under the Indian Companies Act, 2013, which must be filed during the incorporation process. This document serves as the company's constitution, detailing how the company will be run, managed, and owned. It becomes binding upon all present and future shareholders once registered with the Registrar of Companies. The Articles typically adopt or modify the provisions of Table F of Schedule I of the Companies Act, 2013, which provides the model articles for companies limited by shares. This document is crucial as it governs various aspects including share capital structure, transfer of shares, appointment of directors, conduct of meetings, and other essential corporate governance matters. Companies must ensure their Articles comply with Indian law while tailoring them to their specific business requirements and shareholding structure.

1. Interpretation: Definitions of key terms used throughout the Articles and rules of interpretation

2. Share Capital and Variation of Rights: Details of authorized share capital, types of shares, and procedures for varying share rights

3. Issue of Certificates: Procedures for issuing share certificates and duplicate certificates

4. Lien on Shares: Company's lien on partly paid shares and enforcement procedures

5. Calls on Shares: Provisions regarding making calls on partly paid shares

6. Transfer of Shares: Procedures and restrictions on share transfers

7. Transmission of Shares: Provisions for transmission in case of death or bankruptcy of shareholders

8. Forfeiture of Shares: Procedures for forfeiture of shares for non-payment of calls

9. Alteration of Capital: Procedures for increasing, reducing, or reorganizing share capital

10. General Meetings: Rules for conducting annual and extraordinary general meetings

11. Proceedings at General Meetings: Procedures for conducting meetings, voting, and passing resolutions

12. Board of Directors: Appointment, removal, powers, and duties of directors

13. Proceedings of Board Meetings: Rules for conducting board meetings and passing board resolutions

14. Chief Executive Officer, Manager, Company Secretary or Chief Financial Officer: Appointment and powers of key managerial personnel

15. Dividends and Reserves: Rules for declaration and payment of dividends

16. Accounts and Audit: Provisions regarding maintenance and audit of accounts

17. Winding Up: Procedures for winding up the company

18. Indemnity and Insurance: Provisions for indemnifying directors and officers